ls: Show files and directories in the current directory.ls -l: Show files and directories in the current directory with their attributes and permissions displayed in detail.ls -a: Show all files and directories in the current directory, including hidden files and directories.ls -al: Show all files and directories in the current directory, including hidden files and directories, with their attributes and permissions displayed in detail.ls /path/to/directory: Show files and directories in the specified directory.ls *.txt: Show all files in the current directory with the extension .txt.ls -lh: Show files and directories in the current directory in a human-readable format, with file size displayed in bytes.